Information about admission restrictions (NC programs)

The term NC denotes, first and foremost, an admission restriction. A degree program is restricted if a university resolves before a semester commences that only a limited number of applicants may be admitted. If there are more applications than the limitation allows for, there is a selection procedure in accordance with the above-mentioned criteria (see "quotas"). Currently, all degree programs (as major subjects) are restricted.

The following is an example of how admission restrictions are established (a restriction based upon a grade and a restriction based upon a waiting period): a degree program at Universität Hamburg may be able to admit 20 applicants in a given semester in accordance with a specific grade and in accordance with a specific waiting period (this means that prior quotas have already been taken into account); 90 % (= 18) of these places are offered based on your Abiturnote (overall secondary school leaving grade or grade-point average) and 10% (= 2) on when you received your Abitur (secondary school leaving certificate). Let's assume that 40 people have applied. These are listed as follows and according to the information relevant to admission procedures (HJ = waiting period in terms of semesters):

 The first step consists in ranking applicants - both by grade (achievement ranking) and by the amount of time, counted as a half-year or semester, since the applicant has received his Abitur or secondary-school leaving degree. The results of a ranking might appear as follows:

In the grade rankings, an applicant's Abiturnote (final or overall grade for secondary-school leaving degree) determines his or her ranking (RP) in relation to other applicants (see Sabine - RP 6 - and Anneliese - RP 7 -  in the section "Creating ranking lists"). If two applicants have the same grade, a lottery procedure is used (every applicant receives a lottery ticket at the start of application procedures).

Applicants on the waiting list are ranked according to the number of half-years since they have received their Abitur (secondary school leaving certificate - see Ulf, RP 6, and Ursula, RP 7, in the section "Creating ranking lists"). The amount of "waiting time" which someone has acquired commences with the date upon which their Abitur was issued. Please note, however, that during this waiting period, applicants may not be enrolled at another German or foreign university (periods of study are not counted as "waiting time"; this is the so-called Parkstudienregelung). Periods of study at a private German university, however, are not deemed as periods of study. If the waiting period is the same for several applicants, a lottery procedure is used. Applicants may not wait more than 10 semesters.

Once applicants have been ranked, admission procedures can begin. Since 18 applicants (90%) are admitted according to grade, the first 18 applicants in the achievement ranking (or up to and including Gerhard in the respective table in "Creating ranking lists") would be admitted. Two places (10%) would be allocated to the first two applicants on the waiting list, meaning Bettina and Holger (as listed in the respective table in "Creating ranking lists").

We now send out acceptance letters to the 20 applicants who have been admitted. The University expects these applicants to respond in the affirmative or negative within two weeks. In many cases, applicants choose not to accept an offer of admission (perhaps they have applied to another university or would like to travel before they begin studying). Let's say, for example, that Hans, Brigitte and Holger (see "Creating ranking lists") have chosen not to accept their offers of admission. These three places are now offered in a succession procedure to applicants next on the list, i.e. Elfriede and Karl from the achievement list would now be offered admission; Bettina has been offered admission based on her waiting time).

Once the entire succession procedure has been completed, a so-called NC Wert (admission restriction value) can be established - one according to grade and one according to waiting time.

In our example (see "Exampe of an admission procedure" and subsequent sections), the grade restriction value would correspond to the grade point average of the applicant last admitted, meaning Karl's Abitur grade point average of 2.9. Irene and Doris, who also have grades of 2.9, will not be admitted simply because they did not win in the lottery procedure. In other words, all applicants with grade point averages which are better than 2.9 will be admitted and all applicants with a 2.9 are subject to lottery procedures.

The waiting period restriction value corresponds to the waiting time accrued by the last applicant admitted from the waiting list, meaning to Christine's waiting period of 10 half-years or semesters. Other applicants who have waited 10 semesters are subject to lottery procedures - like Ulf, who still did not receive an offer of admission after 10 years.

What conclusions can I draw from all of this? A grade point average does not improve according to the amount of time an applicant waits. Restriction values always reflect the relationship between supply (number of places) and demand (number of applicants). The restriction values can only provide information about past, not future, selection procedures. No one establishes a restriction value for a future selection procedure; restriction values are based solely on the grades and waiting times of the last applicants on the admission lists. You can find past restriction values here under "NC Werte und Bewerberzahlen" (NC values and applicant figures). There you can also find out about the ratios of places and applicants.